Improvement in floating-docks



6 Sheets--Sheef2. S. JANICKI. 7 Improvement in Heating-Docks.

No.- 126,146, PatentedApriEl'30 ,l872.

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improvement in Floating-Docks. No 126,146. Patented April30,1872.

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S. JANICKI. Improvement inFlpating-Docks.

Nd. 126,146. I

Patented April 30, 1872.

UNITED Snares Parana Garret.

STANISLAS JANIGKI, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN FLOl lTlNG-DQCKS.

I Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 126,146, dated April30, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STANISLAS J ANICKI, of St. Petersburg, in the Empireof Russia, have invented An Improved Construction of Floatjug-Docks, anddo hereby declare that the following description, taken in connectionwith the accompanying sheets of drawing, hereinafter referred to, formsa full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth thenature and principles of mysaid improvement, by which my invention maybe distinguished from others of a similar class, together with suchparts as I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentthat is to say:

My invention has reference to an improved construction of floating-docksfor which I have already applied for Letters Patent of the UnitedStates.

My invention consists of an improved arrangement of the lateral floatsfor imparting stability to the dock. For this purpose I fix to each sideof the hollow metal pontoon or pontoons (which support the vessel to beraised, and are constructed and operate as described in thespecification of my aforesaid application for Letters Patent) verticalframes of such a height as to project beyond the surface of the waterwhen the dock is immersed in its lowest position. These frames serve asguides to a series of hollow rectangular metal floats, which are alwayssituated at the surface of the water, and which 'work up and downbetween the said guide-frames as these rise and fall with the pontoon.These floats are connected at the ends to endless vertical chainspassing over toothed or indented pulleys fixed on shafts carried inbearings at the upper and lower ends of. the vertical guideframes, sothat in moving up and down inthe latter the floats impart rotary motionto the said pulleys and shafts. Either the upper or the lower shafts oneach side of the dock are made to extend the entire length of the dock,and have at one end, or at both ends, or at other points in theirlength, other indented pulleys fixed thereon, and an endless crossedchain passes either above or below the pontoon from the pulley on theshaft on the one side of the dock to the pulley on the shaft on theother side of the dock, so as to gear these two shafts together in suchmanner that the rotation of the one shaft on the one side of the sameparts in each of the figures.

A A is the longitudinal pontoon of the dock,

dock necessitates a corresponding rotation of the shaft on the otherside of the dock. Or the pulleys with the crossed chain may be onseparate shafts on the pontoon of the dock, which pulleys are connectedto pulleys on the upper shafts on the guide-frames by other endlesschains; or, again, in place of a crossed endless chain for gearingtogether the said shafts on the opposite sides of the dock, a transverseshaft may be employed having bevel-wheels in gear with otherbevel-wheels on the two opposite longitudinal shafts.

From the above-described arrangement it 7 will be seen that as thepontoon, together with the lateral guideframes, is caused torise ordescend in the water by the forcing of air into or out of the pontoon(as describedin my said previous specification',) the said floats oneach side of the dock will in every position of the latter be caused toremain parallel toeaeh other and to the deck of the pontoon, on accountof the before-described gearing together of the longitudinal shafts, towhich they are connected by the first-named endless chains, and thus thestability of the dock in every position will be insured.

When the dock is in its lowest immersed position the side floats will besituated at the top. of the guide-frames, and when the dock is in itshighest position they will be situated at the bottom of theguide-frames.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, I will now proceedmore particularly to describe the manner of performing the same, forwhich purpose I shall refer to the accompanying drawing, on which-Figure 1 shows a side elevation of my improved construction offloating-dock. Fig. 2 shows a plan of. the same. Fig. 3 shows anenlarged part end elevation and part transverse section. Fig. 4 shows anenlarged part longitudinal section, and Fig. 5 shows an enlarged partplan.

The same letters of reference indicate the formed of one or moreair-tight chambers, open at their under sides, provided with air-escape.pipes B B, and constructed and operated for receiving and raising thevessel X in a similar manner to that described in the specification tomy before-mentioned previous patent.

To each side of the pontoon A are fixed the vertical guide-frames G 0,between which the lateral floats D D work vertically up and down, as thedock descends or ascends in the water, the floats being always situatedat the water-line. These floats consist of rectangular hollow metallicvessels, closed in an air-tight manner, there being, by preference,several such floats on each side in the length of the dock, as shown.Each of the floats D D is attached at both ends to endless pitch-chains(or ordinary chains) E E E E, passing over pitch-wheels or indentedpulleys F G F G, fixed on shafts H I H I, carried in bearings at theupper and lower ends of the guideframes 0 O. The upper shafts H H extendthe whole length of the dock, and carry at one end, or at both ends, orat intermediate points, one or more other pitch-wheels or indentedpulleys, J J, over which, as also over other pitch-wheels or pulleys KK, pass other pitchchains L L. The pitch-wheels K K are fixed on shaftsM M, carried in bearings on stays N N on the deck of the pontoon A;- andthey are geared together by a crossed pitch-chain, O, passingtransversely across the pontoon, and over a second groove on thepitch-wheels K K or separate pitch-wheels may be provided.

From this arrangement it will be seen that the floats D on one side ofthe dock are geared to the floats D on the other side in such mannerthat no vertical motion of the floats D can take place without acorresponding vertical motion in the same direction of the floats D, sothat whatever position the floats may assume in the guide-frames O O,consequent upon the ascending or descending of the dock, they willalways remain parallel to each other and to the floor of the pontoon A,thus insuring the stability of the dock in whatever position it may bein the water. Assuming the dock to be at its lowest point of immersion,the floats D D will be situated at their highest position in theguide-frames, as shown in dotted lines at Fig. 3.

For raising the dock, air is forced into the pontoon A by means ofair-pumps, by-preference placed on a separate vessel, as described in mysaid previous specification; and as the dock is thus caused to ascend inthe water,

carrying the vessel X with it, the floats D D, which always remain atwater-line. cause the pitch-wheels or pulleys F F J J K K to revolve bymeans of the chains E E, L L, and O, the wheels or pulleys on the oneside of the dock turning in a contrary direction to those on the otherside, which the crossed chain 0, connecting the wheels or pulleys oneither side, permits of. .This motion continues until the dock hasascended to its highest position, when the floats D D will be in theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 3. The action of the floats on thedescent of the dock takes place in the same manner, the motion of thewheels or pulleys and chains being reversed. By this arrangement, inwhatever position the dock may be, its stability, both transversely andlongitudinally, is insured by the fixed relative position of the floats,which obliges them always to remain in a plane parallel with that of thefloor of thepontoon A. As before stated, the lower wheels or pulleys oneach side of the dock may be geared together, instead of the upper ones,by means of a crossed endless chain, as indicated in dotted lines at 0,Figs. 3 and 5, such chain being made to pass direct over the pulleys JJ, fixed on the ends of the shafts G G, so as to project beyond the endof the dock, whereby the crossed chain is brought below the deck of thepontoon A so as to leave the same perfectly clear for the vessel to bedocked; or the gearing together of the pulleys K K of thefirst-described arrangement may be effected, as shown in the transversesection at Fig. 6, by means of a transverse shaft, P, with bevel-wheelsQ Q in gear with bevel-wheels R R on the shafts of the pulleys K K.

Having thus described the nature of my said invention, and in whatmanner the same is to be performed, what I claim is Arranging thelateral floats D D to work vertically up and down in guide-frames 0 O,fixed to the sides of the pontoon A of the dock, the floats on the oneside of the dock being geared to the floats on the other side by meansof a system of endless chains passing over wheels or pulleys, or by atransverse shaft and bevel-wheels in gear with the pulley-shafts of thefloats, the whole operating for the purpose of maintaining the stabilityof the dock, sub-' stantially as hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses this 5th day of July, A. D. 1871,at St. Petersburg, Russia.

STANISLAS J ANIOKI.

Witnesses HILANE BRiiHL, CHARLES MLODEOKI.

